This dictionary provides the user with the basic vocabulary currently being used in a wide range of healthcare situations. The areas covered include the technical language used in diagnosis, patient care, surgery, pathology, general practice, pharmacy, dentistry and other specialisations, as well as anatomical and physiological terms. Informal, everyday and sometimes euphemistic terms commonly used by people in discussing their condition with healthcare professionals are also included, as are common words used in reading or writing reports, articles or guidelines.

Some long-time users of the book may notice that the familiar Hanley & Belfus imprint has been replaced by Elsevier's Saunders imprint. No matter what the imprint, however, the same care as always has been taken in the selection of entries and the verification of their accuracy. The familiar format of boldface acronyms and abbreviations followed by run-in meanings has been retained, allowing the book to be kept to a convenient size. New terms have been drawn especially from the areas of virology, clinical trials, new technology, and medical informatics.

The design of the first volume was maintained, with entries arranged alphabetically and composed with an eye toward factual introduction and guidance in research. Contributors were asked to conduct their research with two principal goals in mind: first, to provide a concise summary of literary inf luences; and second, to provide clear direction for further research. Each entry includes three components: an introductory section provides basic biographical data; The body of each article is devoted to an assessment of specific literary works and authors known to have influenced the subject; A bibliography includes principal archival collections, standard biographical resources, and published materials relating specifically to the subject’s reading, etc.

This publication represents research and analysis compiled, edited, and written by the author. In that effort, the following information may be helpful to the user for better understanding of this dictionary: 1. Words applicable to landscape architecture but most commonly understood are not defined within this work (i.e., water). 2. Most entries with multiple words do not have the words individually listed and defined so as to avoid redundancy and conserve space (i.e., crop coefficient, or cross connection). 3. Many conglomerate entries (multiple word entries) that are listed and defined as separate words and retain the given meaning of each word are not listed because the meaning is obvious with the meaning of each defined word (i.e., turf irrigation system), etc.

This work is the result of contributions from 52 active researchers in geophysics, astrophysics and astronomy. We have followed a philosophy of directness and simplicity, while still allowing contributors flexibility to expand in their own areas of expertise. They are cited in the contributors’ list, but I take this opportunity to thank the contributors for their efforts and their patience. The subject areas of this dictionary at the time of this writing are among the most active of the physical sciences. Astrophysics and astronomy are enjoying a new golden era, with remarkable observations in new wave bands (γ -rays, X-rays, infrared, radio) and in new fields: neutrino and (soon) gravitational wave astronomy.

The Dictionary of Food Ingredients is a unique, easy-to-use source of information on over 1,000 food ingredients. Like the previous editions, the new and updated Fourth Edition provides clear and concise information on currently used additives, including natural ingredients, FDA-approved artificial ingredients, and compounds used in food processing. The dictionary entries, organized in alphabetical order, include information on ingredient functions, chemical properties, and uses in food products.

The McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Engineering provides a compendium of more than 18,000 terms that are central to the various branches of engineering and related fields of science. The coverage in this Second Edition is focused on building construction, chemical engineering, civil engineering, control systems, design engineering, electricity and electronics, engineering acoustics, industrial engineering, mechanics and mechanical engineering, systems engineering, and thermodynamics. Many of the terms used in engineering are often found in specialized dictionaries and glossaries; this Dictionary, however, aims to provide the user with the convenience of a single, comprehensive reference.

There is a wealth of information about energy, but it is spread across many books, journals, websites, disciplines, ideologies, and user communities. Information about energy tends to target either a particular form of energy or a specific audience. There is no central repository of information that meets diverse user communities, and no primary machinery of communication among those communities. These characteristics of energy information define the formidable barrier to successful teaching and learning related to energy, a barrier we seek to significantly erode, if not eliminate, with the Dictionary of Energy.

“DNA technology” refers to a variety of procedures – some simple, others extremely complex and sophisticated. At the most basic level they include: isolating and purifying DNA; cutting DNA with specialized enzymes; characterizing, sequencing and expressing DNA; hybridizing, labeling, ligating, staining and quantifying DNA; and amplifying specific regions of DNA. This technology is used in fields such as: -diagnosis (infectious and hereditary diseases); - drug development; - epidemiology; - forensic science; - gene therapy; - genetically modified (GM) foods; - industrial enzymes etc.

This dictionary provides the user with a comprehensive range of the vocabulary used in the field of computing. It covers all aspects of computing, including hardware, software, peripherals, networks and programming, as well as many applications in which computers are used, such as the Internet or desktop publishing. It also describes the latest developments in networks, the Internet, communications, programming, multimedia, processor design and storage technology.