The book is intended for two groups: students in introductory language testing courses (and naturally their instructors), and language teachers who need to create tests for themselves or their school or program, or who have test results that need analyzing. I have tried to make it something that will be useful for both groups, a textbook for students like the ones I teach in my own testing course, and a handbook or guide for teachers who may have no training in language assessment but who nonetheless have to make tests or make sense of testing data.